Injustice, Corruption, and Partisanship in the Eastern Seljuq Lands of the Early Twelfth Century: al-Ghazālī's Persian Letters to Viziers as a Historical Source

This article analyses five historical missives written by the great theologian Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī to three Seljuq viziers, and datable to the years 490/1097 to 504/1110f. The first four of these letters form a progressive series complaining of governmental corruption in Ṭūs during the Seljuq civil...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Tor, Deborah G. (Author)
Format: Electronic Article
Language:English
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Published: De Gruyter 2024
In: Der Islam
Year: 2024, Volume: 101, Issue: 1, Pages: 193-225
Further subjects:B viziers
B justice (ʿadl)
B Seljuqs
B Sultan Sanjar
B Ṭūs
B al-Ghazālī
B governmental corruption (ẓulm)
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Summary:This article analyses five historical missives written by the great theologian Abū Ḥāmid al-Ghazālī to three Seljuq viziers, and datable to the years 490/1097 to 504/1110f. The first four of these letters form a progressive series complaining of governmental corruption in Ṭūs during the Seljuq civil war around the turn of the sixth/twelfth century, and thus provide the sole extant eyewitness testimony from Khurāsān during the last five years of the Seljuq civil war period. They also reveal al-Ghazālī's vision of just rule far more concretely than do al-Ghazālī's numerous theoretical writings on the subject. The fifth letter, written after the civil war had ended, explores the problem of intra-Sunni madhhab-based religious partisanship (taʿaṣṣub), and also incidentally reveals important biographical information about al-Ghazālī. All five of these letters constitute unique eyewitness testimony to some of the major political and social problems of the Seljuq period.
ISSN:1613-0928
Contains:Enthalten in: Der Islam
Persistent identifiers:DOI: 10.1515/islam-2024-0007