I TEOLOGI DELLA SCUOLA DI SALAMANCA DI FRONTE ALLA RIPROPOSIZIONE DELLA DOTTRINA DELLA POTESTAS DIRECTA
The doctrine of potestas directa, according to which God has entrusted His consubstantial Son and subsequently the apostle Peter and this latter’s successors with both a political and religious power over the created world, has prevailed in most of mediaeval theology. Likewise, successive followers...
| Main Author: | |
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | Italian |
| Check availability: | HBZ Gateway |
| Fernleihe: | Fernleihe für die Fachinformationsdienste |
| Published: |
Edizioni Studio Domenicano
2012
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| In: |
Divus Thomas
Year: 2012, Volume: 115, Issue: 2, Pages: 98-118 |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) |
| Parallel Edition: | Non-electronic
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| Summary: | The doctrine of potestas directa, according to which God has entrusted His consubstantial Son and subsequently the apostle Peter and this latter’s successors with both a political and religious power over the created world, has prevailed in most of mediaeval theology. Likewise, successive followers of Peter on the Roman See have, in conformity to this doctrine, delegated their own legitime wordly power to territorial rulers by means of donation and other legal instruments, in such a way that the secular rulers were regarded as the popes’ representatives. When in the sixteenth century the Salamanca theologians – especially Francisco de Vitoria – were faced with the subjection of the New World, they tackled the question on the basis of ethical and non-ecclesiological approaches, considering that the doctrine of potestas directa, which was once suggested as a source, was this time no more than a purely instrumental fashion to justify the policy of conquest enacted by the contemporary European powers in their ambition to impose their rule upon the new territories and populations. La dottrina della potestas directa, secondo la quale Dio avrebbe delegato ogni potere politico e religioso sull’insieme dell’orbe innanzitutto al suo Figlio, a lui consustanziale, e di seguito all’apostolo Pietro ed ai suoi successori, ha occupato l’attenzione di molti teologi medievali. Concordemente a questa dottrina, i papi a loro volta delegherebbero, attraverso la donazione od altri strumenti, il potere temporale da loro ricevuto ai sovrani terreni, legittimandone pertanto l’esercizio. All’indomani della scoperta delle Americhe, i teologi di Salamanca – ed in particolare Francisco de Vitoria – giudicarono la riproposizione della dottrina della potestas directa come volta a legittimare la politica delle monarchie europee in quei territori, preferendo piuttosto adottare criteri a carattere etico e non ecclesiologico per risolvere i problemi legati alla scoperta-conquista del nuovo continente. |
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| Contains: | Enthalten in: Divus Thomas
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