A Reanalysis of the Hebrew status constructus in Yiddish
Superficially, Yiddish (Y) appears to have incorporated Hebrew construct phrases with their Hebrew grammatical devices intact. This paper shows that Hebrew-origin construct phrases in Yiddish have been grammatically reanalyzed, shedding light both on historical processes of linguistic change and on...
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | English |
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| Published: |
HUC
1992
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| In: |
Hebrew Union College annual
Year: 1991, Volume: 62, Pages: 305-327 |
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Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) |
| Parallel Edition: | Non-electronic
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| 109 | |a Jacobs, Neil G. |a Jacobs, Neil Gordon |a Jacobs, Neil | ||
| 245 | 1 | 2 | |a A Reanalysis of the Hebrew status constructus in Yiddish |
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| 520 | |a Superficially, Yiddish (Y) appears to have incorporated Hebrew construct phrases with their Hebrew grammatical devices intact. This paper shows that Hebrew-origin construct phrases in Yiddish have been grammatically reanalyzed, shedding light both on historical processes of linguistic change and on the nature of compounding in a synchronic grammar of Yiddish. The basic type of compounding in Yiddish is Germanic: the modifying element (MOD) precedes the modified element (HEAD); main compound stress in on the first element, the MOD; gender, adjective agreement, and plural formation are based on the second element, the HEAD. Thus, for example, Y compound tógbùx 'diary' has neuter gender, and plural tógbìxər, based on neuter HEAD bux 'book' (plural: bíxər), rather than on masculine MOD tog 'day' (plural: teg). Biblical Hebrew did not have true lexicalized compounds. Noun-noun relationships were expressed syntactically, with typical order HEAD-MOD. Main stress was on the MOD. Limited morphological/phonological marking did develop, however. The HEAD was marked as being in the construct state. Gender, adjective agreement, and plural formation were based on the HEAD. In Y, the Hebrew-origin construct phrases have been integrated as lexical compounds. However, the integration of HEAD-MOD constructions into a language which is typologically MOD-HEAD has left interesting residue. The original order of elements (along with stress pattern) HÈAD-MÓD is maintained. However, gender, adjective agreement, and plural formation are based on the morphology/phonology of the MOD. Thus, the plurals of Yiddish ksáv-jád 'document', sèjfər-tójrə 'scroll of Torah' are ksàv-jádn, sèjfər-tójrəs (cf. Biblical Hebrew singulars kəθàƀ-jɔ:ð, sè:fεr-to:rɔ:, plurals kìθƀe:-jɔ́:ð, sìfre:-to:rɔ́:). Yiddish shows a generalization in compound nouns from MOD-marking to second-element marking | ||
| 601 | |a Status constructus | ||
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