RT Article T1 Factors affecting the effectiveness of ‘ruqyah’ treatment among Muslim community in Malaysia JF Journal of spirituality in mental health VO 27 IS 2 SP 202 OP 221 A1 Omar, Muhammad A1 Abdullah, Mokhtar A1 Ahmad, Abdul Rahman A1 Mat Amin, Abdul Rashid A1 Shafei, Shaiful Anuar A1 Haron, Salwa A1 Ramli, Rushdi A1 Hussian, Mohd Apandi A1 Kusmin, Zainal Abidin A1 Haron, Huda A1 Haron, Hamdi A1 Muhammad, Zharfan A2 Abdullah, Mokhtar A2 Ahmad, Abdul Rahman A2 Mat Amin, Abdul Rashid A2 Shafei, Shaiful Anuar A2 Haron, Salwa A2 Ramli, Rushdi A2 Hussian, Mohd Apandi A2 Kusmin, Zainal Abidin A2 Haron, Huda A2 Haron, Hamdi A2 Muhammad, Zharfan LA English YR 2025 UL https://ixtheo.de/Record/1925277259 AB This study investigates the factors affecting the effectiveness of Ruqyah (Islamic healing) treatments in Malaysia’s Darussyifa’ Islamic Treatment Center, focusing on the roles of Symptoms of Illness, Patient Management, Daily Patient Follow-up Practice, and Illness Disorder Assessment. The research aims to understand how these factors contribute to the effectiveness of treatments provided by Ruqyah practitioners. A conceptual model was developed to outline the expected relationships between these predictors and treatment outcomes. Utilizing a cross-sectional, quantitative approach to examine cause-and-effect relationships, data from 272 respondents were collected through surveys and analyzed using the PLS-SEM method. The findings reveal that, except for the Illness Disorder Assessment’s role as a moderating factor, which showed no significant impact, all other relationships in the model were significant. Daily Patient Follow-up Practice emerged as the most critical factor for improving treatment effectiveness, followed by Patient Management. Additionally, the identification of symptoms plays a crucial role in enhancing patient management practices at the Darussyifa’ Malaysia center. This research highlights the importance of continuous patient engagement and effective management in optimizing Ruqyah treatment outcomes, while suggesting areas for further investigation regarding the unanticipated insignificance of Illness Disorder Assessment. K1 illness disorder assessment K1 follow-up practice K1 symptoms diagnosis K1 Effectiveness K1 Ruqyah DO 10.1080/19349637.2024.2338839