The Arabic legal documents of Toledo: the merging of legal cultures in a society in transition
The Arabic documents from Toledo mirror a mosaic of laws and legal customs, together with the merging of laws and legal systems. Indeed, Christians, Muslims, and Jews of Toledo continued writing their legal documents in Arabic, following the pattern of Islamic administrative handbooks, for a period...
| Autor principal: | |
|---|---|
| Tipo de documento: | Recurso Electrónico Artigo |
| Idioma: | Inglês |
| Verificar disponibilidade: | HBZ Gateway |
| Interlibrary Loan: | Interlibrary Loan for the Fachinformationsdienste (Specialized Information Services in Germany) |
| Publicado em: |
2024
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| Em: |
Hispania sacra
Ano: 2024, Volume: 76, Número: 154 |
| Outras palavras-chave: | B
testamentos
B documentación jurídica cristiano-musulmana B derecho islámico y visigótico B mujeres en la Edad Media B Toledo B contratos de matrimonio |
| Acesso em linha: |
Volltext (kostenfrei) Volltext (kostenfrei) |
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| 520 | |a The Arabic documents from Toledo mirror a mosaic of laws and legal customs, together with the merging of laws and legal systems. Indeed, Christians, Muslims, and Jews of Toledo continued writing their legal documents in Arabic, following the pattern of Islamic administrative handbooks, for a period of more than two centuries subsequent to the Christian conquest of Toledo in 1085. By analysing three documents from the Toledo collection, two contracts of marriage and a testament while comparing them to the Islamic ones, the merging of two legal systems and cultures, the Visigothic and the Islamic one is demonstrated. The Toledo collection witnesses the continuity—but also discontinuity—of the notarial and legal Islamic culture. Castile legal system incorporated the Islamic structure and formulas of legal documents—even religious formulas such as Qur’anic quotations—, as well as legal customs or "laws" and notarial procedures within the framework of the Christian-Castilian law. At times, the formulas appear as Christian adaptations of Islamic ones, such as naming canon law "the Catholic Sharīʿa," al-Sharīʿa al-Qathūliqiyya. Toledo documents show a unique blending of legal cultures, demonstrating the close interaction of a European legal tradition with the Arabic-Islamic one. But, perhaps, the most striking aspect is that the Toledo documents portray the prominent role of women in the social and economic life of Toledo and challenge traditional perceptions of women´s roles in medieval societies. | ||
| 520 | |a Los documentos árabes de Toledo (1083-1391) reflejan un mosaico de leyes y costumbres legales, además de la continuidad de la cultura legal islámica bajo el dominio cristiano. En este sentido, es posible hablar de la fusión y el "mestizaje" de leyes y sistemas legales. De hecho, cristianos, musulmanes y judíos de Toledo continuaron redactando sus documentos legales en árabe, siguiendo el patrón de los manuales administrativos islámicos, durante un período de más de dos siglos posteriores a la conquista cristiana de Toledo en 1085. Al analizar tres documentos de la colección de documentos árabes de Toledo, dos contratos de matrimonio y un testamento, y compararlos con los islámicos, mostramos ejemplos de la conjunción de dos sistemas legales, el visigodo y el islámico que atestiguan la continuidad —pero también la discontinuidad— de la cultura notarial islámica. Se incorporaron, dentro del marco del derecho cristiano-castellano, la estructura y las fórmulas islámicas de los documentos árabes —incluidas fórmulas religiosas y citas coránicas—, así como costumbres legales y procedimientos notariales. En ocasiones, las fórmulas aparecen como adaptaciones cristianas de las islámicas, llamándose al derecho canónico "la Sharīʿa católica", al-Sharīʿa al-Kathūliqiyya. Los documentos de Toledo muestran una fusión única de culturas legales, evidenciando así la estrecha interacción de una tradición legal europea con la árabe-islámica. Pero, quizás, el aspecto más sorprendente es que estos documentos subrayan el protagonismo que las mujeres desempeñaron en la vida social y económica de Toledo, desafiando las percepciones tradicionales del papel de la mujer en la sociedad medieval. | ||
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