RT Article
T1 Political Reforms as Religious Revival: Conceptual Foundations of Tanzimat
JF Oriente moderno
VO 101
IS 2
SP 153
OP 180
A1 Topal, Alp Eren
LA English
PB Brill
YR 2021
UL https://ixtheo.de/Record/1835758401
AB Parallel to Arab Nahḍah, Ottoman modernization program is associated with the Tanzimat, a period of drastic social, political and institutional transformation. The word tanẓīmāt itself, however, merely means "regulations" or "reorganization" and very little has been done in investigating the conceptual or ideational foundations of Tanzimat reforms. The question at stake here is how these series of reforms were justified and legitimized within the Ottoman political culture. Accordingly, this paper focuses on reform debates among Ottoman bureaucrats and statesmen in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries and proposes the concept and doctrine of taǧdīd (renewal) as a key to understanding Ottoman reform and religious transformation. Ottoman reformers at the turn of 19th century resorted to the doctrine of centennial renewal in order to both criticize the moral shortcomings of Ottoman political system and legitimize innovation. Within this logic, Ottoman reformist sultans and politicians have frequently been referred to as muǧaddids, that is restorers. This paper will present an account of the concept of taǧdīd based on Ottoman political and historical writing from the period. I argue that Ottoman reform was inseparable from the logic of religious revival and that Ottoman debates should be considered as part of and discussed in relation to the 18th-century Muslim revivalism which has attracted growing attention in the last decade.
K1 Muslim revivalism
K1 Naqshbandiyya
K1 Ottoman Empire
K1 Tanzimat
K1 Historicism
K1 Modernity
K1 political reform
DO 10.1163/22138617-12340261