THE ISRAELITE FESTIVAL CALENDAR AND EMAR'S RITUAL ARCHIVE
Based on my study of public ritual defined by calendar at Emar in northern Syria, this paper begins at two-part reflection on Israelite festival origins as illuminated by this new comparative evidence. This first part introduces the relevant features of the Emar rituals and reviews specific aspects...
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | English |
| Check availability: | HBZ Gateway |
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| Published: |
Peeters
1999
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| In: |
Revue biblique
Year: 1999, Volume: 106, Issue: 1, Pages: 8-34 |
| Online Access: |
Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) |
| Parallel Edition: | Non-electronic
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| 520 | |a Based on my study of public ritual defined by calendar at Emar in northern Syria, this paper begins at two-part reflection on Israelite festival origins as illuminated by this new comparative evidence. This first part introduces the relevant features of the Emar rituals and reviews specific aspects of the biblical systems in their light. The most striking comparisons occur with Emar's zukru festival, celebrated for seven days counted from the 15th or full moon during the first month of the ritual calendar. This calendar shows an old regional convention that is preserved in Leviticus 23 and Numbers 28-29, whose calendars may not so easily be derived from second temple practice. In addition, the seven-day feasts of Emar are framed by focus on the first and last days, again more like the construction in the Bible's priestly texts than those of Exodus and Deuteronomy. The larger implications of the comparison will be addressed in the next issue of the Revue Biblique. Appuyé sur mon étude du rituel public tel que défini par le calendrier d'Emar (Syrie du Nord), ce premier article inaugure une réflexion en deux parties, sur les origines de la fête hébraïque, éclairées par cette nouvelle donnée comparative. Je présente les traits caractéristiques des rituels émariotes, et passe en revue, à leur lumière, quelques aspects des systèmes bibliques. Les comparaisons les plus étonnantes sont avec la fête Zukru d'Emar, célébrée tous les sept jours à partir du 15, ou pleine lune, durant le premier mois du calendrier liturgique. Ce calendrier témoigne d'une ancienne coutume locale, préservée en Lév. 23 et Nomb. 28 à 29, dont les calendriers ne peuvent guère s'expliquer par les pratiques post-exiliques. En outre, les fêtes de sept jours d'Emar sont articulées autour du premier et du dernier jours, plus à l'image des textes bibliques sacerdotaux, que de ceux de l'Exode et du Deutéronome. Les implications de cette comparaison seront exposées dans le prochain numéro de la Revue. | ||
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