˓ÉDÛT : STIPULATION DE TRAITÉ OU ENSEIGNEMENT ?
At the present time most scholars agree that the word ˓edût in the Bible has been wrongly derived from ˓wd testify. It would derive from Aramaic ˓dy, related to Akkadian adû, and mean 'treaty stipulation'. However if ˓edût is sometimes parallel to berît it occurs four times in parallel wit...
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| Format: | Electronic Article |
| Language: | French |
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Peeters
1988
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| In: |
Revue biblique
Year: 1988, Volume: 95, Issue: 3, Pages: 321-331 |
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Volltext (lizenzpflichtig) |
MARC
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| 520 | |a At the present time most scholars agree that the word ˓edût in the Bible has been wrongly derived from ˓wd testify. It would derive from Aramaic ˓dy, related to Akkadian adû, and mean 'treaty stipulation'. However if ˓edût is sometimes parallel to berît it occurs four times in parallel with tôrah 'teaching'. At the beginning of the Egyptian Teachings and Wisdom works: two words sbȝyt and mtr are in constant synonymous parallelism. The former sbȝyt 'teaching' has been translated into Hebrew by musar. The later mtr which means 'testimony' acquires since the New Kingdom a new shade of meaning: 'instruction', 'education'. If we assign to ˓wd 'testify' this shade of meaning, we obtain in Hebrew a parallelism: tôrah-˓édût identical with the Egyptian sbȝyt-mtr so frequent in the Wisdom Treatises. ˓Edût would more likely derive from ˓wd than from ˓dy-adû. De nos jours la plupart des spécialistes s'accordent à juger erronée l'opinion qui fait venir le ˓édût biblique de ˓wd ' témoigner '. Il dériverait de l'araméen ˓dy, assyrien adû, et signifierait la ' stipulation d'un traité '. Si cependant 'édût se trouve parfois mis en parallèle avec berît, il se rencontre quatre fois joint à tôrah ' enseignement '. Au début des Enseignements égyptiens on trouve en parallèle synonymique les mots sbȝyt et mtr. Le premier ' enseignement ' a été emprunté par l'hébreu et traduit pas musar. Le second, qui signifie ' témoignage ', a pris aussi, depuis le Nouvel Empire, le sens d" éducation ', ' instruction '. Si à ˓wd hébreu on ajoute cette nuance, on retrouve le parallélisme égyptien. ˓Edût, synonyme de tôrah, dériverait plus vraisemblablement de ˓wd que de ˓dy-adû. | ||
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