RT Article T1 Militant atheism, pragmatism, and the God-shaped hole JF International journal for philosophy of religion VO 65 IS 3 SP 139 OP 139 A1 Fiala, Andrew LA English PB Springer Science + Business Media B. V YR 2008 UL https://ixtheo.de/Record/1821425022 AB This paper addresses recent examples of militant atheism. It considers the theistic reply that describes atheism as deriving from a “God-shaped hole” in the human soul. The paper will argue that American pragmatism offers a middle path that avoids militant atheism without suffering from this problem. The paper describes this middle path and considers the problem that is seen in Rorty’s recent work: how the pragmatist can remain critical of religious fundamentalism without succumbing to a militant version of atheism. The solution proposed is tolerant acceptance of religion along with melioristic criticism developed within shared norms of inquiry. K1 Sam Harris K1 Richard Dawkins K1 Christopher Hitchens K1 Richard Rorty K1 John Dewey K1 William James K1 Pragmatism K1 Atheism DO 10.1007/s11153-008-9188-3