RT Article T1 Der Widerstand der Kirche: gegen den nationalsozialistischen Staat in Norwegen 1940-1945 JF Kirchliche Zeitgeschichte VO 1 IS 1 SP 79 OP 94 A1 Austad, Torleiv LA German PB Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht YR 1988 UL https://ixtheo.de/Record/1817493787 AB The Norwegian struggle between church and NS-state was part of the civil national resistance. Especially under the influence of Bishop Berggrav, it was on the one hand a struggle for the defense of human right and on the other hand a struggle for preaching, education and social welfare work. Resignation of clergymen, separation from the National Socialist church department and the building of an internal governing body of the church were some of the varied elements of this struggle. But first of all the Norwegian struggle between church and NS-state was a defensive action based on theological arguments expressed in a Bekenntniserklärung in 1942. The theological key to this statement was the specific interpretation of the doctrine of the two kingdoms with special stress placed on the responsibility of the church for the ethical aspects of secular rule.