Decision-making in patients with advanced cancer compared with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Aim: Patients with advanced cancer need information about end-of-life treatment options in order to make informed decisions. Clinicians vary in the frequency with which they initiate these discussions.Patients and methods: As part of a long-term longitudinal study, patients with an expected 2-year s...

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Authors: Astrow, A. B. (Author) ; Sood, J. R. (Author) ; Nolan, M. T. (Author) ; Terry, P. B. (Author) ; Clawson, L. (Author) ; Kub, J. (Author) ; Hughes, M. (Author) ; Sulmasy, D. P. (Author)
Format: Electronic Article
Language:English
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Published: BMJ Publ. 2008
In: Journal of medical ethics
Year: 2008, Volume: 34, Issue: 9, Pages: 664-668
Online Access: Presumably Free Access
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520 |a Aim: Patients with advanced cancer need information about end-of-life treatment options in order to make informed decisions. Clinicians vary in the frequency with which they initiate these discussions.Patients and methods: As part of a long-term longitudinal study, patients with an expected 2-year survival of less than 50% who had advanced gastrointestinal or lung cancer or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) were interviewed. Each patient’s medical record was reviewed at enrollment and at 3 months for evidence of the discussion of patient wishes concerning ventilator support, artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH), resuscitation (DNR) and hospice care. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was also performed and 2-year survival calculated.Results: 60 cancer and 32 ALS patients were enrolled. ALS patients were more likely than cancer patients to have evidence of discussion about their wishes for ventilator support (31% vs 0%, p<0.001), ANH (38% vs 0%, p<0.001), DNR (25% vs 0%, p<0.001) and hospice care (22% vs 5%, p = 0.03). At 6 months, 91% of ALS patients were alive compared with 62% of cancer patients; at 2 years, 63% of ALS patients were alive compared with 23% of cancer patients (p<0.001).Conclusions: Cancer patients were less likely than ALS patients to have had documented advanced care planning discussions despite worse survival. This may reflect perceptions that ALS has a more predictable course, that advanced cancer has a greater number of treatment options, or differing views about hope. Nevertheless, cancer patients may be less adequately prepared for end-of-life decision-making. 
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700 1 |a Kub, J.  |e VerfasserIn  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Hughes, M.  |e VerfasserIn  |4 aut 
700 1 |a Sulmasy, D. P.  |e VerfasserIn  |4 aut 
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