RT Article T1 Invisible Umbrella of American Bishops: Aid for the Catholic University of Lublin in the Early Cold War Context JF The catholic historical review VO 108 IS 3 SP 534 OP 559 A1 Łukasiewicz, Sławomir 1972- LA English YR 2022 UL https://ixtheo.de/Record/1815830212 AB As a result of the Second World War and the subsequent expansion of communism, the Catholic community in Poland was divided into the faithful who remained in the country and those in political exile. Paradoxically, this division created the conditions for the emergence of global networks aimed at organizing aid to Catholics in Poland. A special case was the Catholic University of Lublin (KUL), a unique institution of higher learning for the Catholic elite in Poland. Though its existence was threatened many times, thanks to external aid coming from Catholics in the West, and organized by Polish émigrés together with e.g. the American hierarchy, the university survived and even gained international recognition. K1 Polish Catholics in exile K1 US episcopate K1 Cold War K1 Catholic University of Lublin DO 10.1353/cat.2022.0064