RT Article T1 Translation Universals and Polygenesis: Implications for Textual Criticism JF The Bible translator VO 65 IS 3 SP 292 OP 307 A1 Tully, Eric J. LA English YR 2014 UL https://ixtheo.de/Record/1758064366 AB As translated texts, the ancient versions of the Hebrew Bible represent a particular challenge in textual criticism. The translator stands as a mediator between the Hebrew source text which is our primary interest and the extant translated text which we have before us. Therefore, before we can use an ancient translation as a witness to the Hebrew text, we must first discern whether a given reading represents its Hebrew source or whether it was created in the translation process. When two translators independently create the same translation shift in the same text segment, this is called “polygenesis.” In this article I argue that the search in Translation Studies for so-called “universals” can inform our understanding and expectation of polygenesis in ancient versions of the Bible. K1 Hosea K1 Peshitta K1 Septuagint K1 Targum K1 Translator K1 Vorlage K1 Explicitation K1 polygenesis K1 translation shift DO 10.1177/2051677014553534