RT Article T1 Islamic Ritual JF The Oxford handbook of ritual and worship in the Hebrew Bible SP 540 OP 554 A2 Gauvain, Richard 1970- LA English YR 2020 UL https://ixtheo.de/Record/1740314964 AB This chapter begins by introducing readers to the five “pillars of Islam” (arkan al-Islam), as well as to other essential aspects of Islamic ritual (section 1). By so doing, it recognizes the enduring power of these rituals, in particular, to provide all Muslims—despite their differences in historical, socio-cultural and political realities—with a shared sense of religious identity. The following section (2) nuances this presentation of Islamic ritual as intrinsically a cohesive force, which necessarily relies heavily on canonical Sunni legal sources and authorities, by exploring five alternative strategies to ritual: Shi’i, esoteric, folk, rationalist, and reformist. Thereafter, it briefly discusses the potential of Islamic ritual in a variety of sources and contexts to both reflect and generate social hierarchies (section 3). It concludes by reflecting on Western scholarly approaches to Islamic ritual and by suggesting future directions for its study (section 4). SN 9780190944933 SN 9780190222130 DO 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190222116.013.23