On the use of greek translations in dating the shift from Targum Proto-Jonathan to Targum Yerushalmi in Ezekiel

It is generally believed that there was a shift in Eretz Israel from an Ur-targum to the Prophets (“Targum Proto-Jonathan”) to a later Palestinian offshoot (“Targum Yerushalmi”), whose precise character and origin are controversial. In each of these two targumim, the Aramaic term used to render Hebr...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Steiner, Richard C. 1945- (Author)
Format: Electronic Article
Language:English
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Published: The Hebrew University of Jerusalem 2019
In: Textus
Year: 2019, Volume: 28, Issue: 1, Pages: 145-156
Standardized Subjects / Keyword chains:B Prophets / Targum Jonathan / Old Testament
IxTheo Classification:HB Old Testament
Further subjects:B Symmachus
B Greek scribal terminology in Aramaic
B Targumim to Ezekiel (Proto-Jonathan, Yerushalmi)
B Jerome
B Origen
B ancient inkstands and penholders
Online Access: Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)

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520 |a It is generally believed that there was a shift in Eretz Israel from an Ur-targum to the Prophets (“Targum Proto-Jonathan”) to a later Palestinian offshoot (“Targum Yerushalmi”), whose precise character and origin are controversial. In each of these two targumim, the Aramaic term used to render Hebrew קֶסֶת(Ezek 9:2, 3, 11) is of Greek origin. Proto-Jonathan’s rendering, preserved as פִינקַסin Targum Jonathan, comes from a Greek term (πίναξ) related to Symmachus’s Greek rendering (πινακίδιον). Targum Yerushalmi’s rendering, preserved as קלמריןin MS Sassoon 368, is equivalent to the Greek rendering (καλαμάριον) attributed to “one of the Hebrews” by Origen in his commentary on Ezekiel. These correspondences, taken together with other evidence, suggest that Targum Proto-Jonathan to Ezekiel was still being used in Eretz Israel during Symmachus’s time (late second century CE), and that the shift from Proto-Jonathan to Targum Yerushalmi in Ezekiel had at least begun by the time that Origen completed his commentary on Ezekiel (fifth decade of the third century CE). 
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