RT Article T1 Philippa Foot's So-called Achilles' Heel: On the Distinctiveness of Her Grammatical Naturalism JF American catholic philosophical quarterly VO 91 IS 2 SP 251 OP 271 A1 Jordan, Jessy LA English PB Philosophy Documentation Center YR 2017 UL https://ixtheo.de/Record/1588249018 AB Philippa Foot's attempt in Natural Goodness to defend the claim that moral goodness is a form of species-specific natural goodness and that immorality is a natural defect has elicited a number of challenges. For instance, Scott Woodcock presents the following dilemma: Foot's account of natural normativity either yields morally objectionable results, or there exists an appeal to a normative standard not grounded in natural norms. I contend that the Footian Neo-Aristotelian approach possesses the resources necessary for an adequate answer to this dilemma. I argue that Foot's naturalism does wind up with a normative standard not grounded in empirically typical natural norms but that it is no Achilles' heel. To support this thesis, I contend that such a standard appears inappropriate only if one assumes Foot is endeavoring to justify or establish a substantive conception of human goodness and defect, something she is not attempting. K1 Foot, Philippa K1 Immorality K1 NATURAL Goodness (Book) K1 Naturalism K1 Normativity (Ethics) DO 10.5840/acpq201737113